Some verses get read at weddings. Some verses get read at people.
This one gets read at people.
“Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands as you do to the Lord.” (Ephesians 5:22, NIV)
If you’ve been in church long enough, you’ve heard it used like a gavel. The argument’s over. “The Bible says submit.” Case closed.
And if you have friends who don’t follow Jesus, you’ve heard it from the other side. “That’s exactly why I don’t go to church. The Bible says women are property.”
So the verse gets pulled in two directions. One side uses it to win arguments. The other side uses it to dismiss the whole Bible.
Here’s what’s wild. Many who take verse 22 out of context don’t quote verse 21 with it. And they definitely don’t quote verse 25.
This is tender ground. Some of you are in a great season of marriage. Some of you are in a hard one. Some of you are single, divorced, or widowed. And some of you have had this verse used against you in ways that hurt. So let’s slow down and read it the way Paul wrote it.
Five questions. One hand. Let’s put it back In Context.
Paul. And he wrote it from prison. He calls himself “the prisoner of Christ Jesus” (3:1) and “an ambassador in chains” (6:20).
So when Paul writes about laying down your life for someone, he’s not writing from a comfortable office. He’s writing from chains.
It’s a letter. But this section (5:22 to 6:9) is a special kind of writing inside the letter. Scholars call it a household code. Instructions for the people in a home. Wives and husbands. Children and parents. Slaves and masters.
Philosophers and moralists wrote these all the time. Everybody knew the format. And when you know what a household code normally sounded like, you can hear what Paul changed.
Audience: Who was it written to?
“To God’s holy people in Ephesus.” (1:1)
Ephesus was one of the biggest cities in the Roman Empire. Home to the temple of Artemis. Most of these believers were Gentiles. They didn’t grow up with the Scriptures. They grew up with idols and a culture where the man of the house held almost all the power.
Now they’re following Jesus. And they’re asking, “What does a Christian home look like?”
Look at how the letter is built. Chapters 1 to 3 are what God has done for you in Christ. Chapters 4 to 6 are how to live because of it.
So by the time Paul gets to marriage, he isn’t handing out rules to earn God’s favor. He’s talking to people who already have it.
Grace first. Then the home.
Around: What comes before and after?
This is the one that changes everything.
Start with the heading. Open an NIV and you’ll see a bold heading right before verse 21: “Instructions for Christian Households.” Open a New King James and the heading comes after verse 21, right before verse 22: “Marriage, Christ and the Church.”
Same passage. Two good translations. Two different places to break it.
Here’s the thing. Neither heading is in the Bible. Paul didn’t write headings. Translators added them to help you find your place. They’re helpful. But they’re not inspired.
So why can’t the translators agree? Because verse 21 won’t stay on one side.
Look backward. Verse 18 says, “Be filled with the Spirit.” Then Paul describes a Spirit-filled life. Speaking to one another in psalms and hymns. Singing to the Lord. Giving thanks for everything. Submitting to one another.
In Greek, that’s one long sentence. Submitting is on the same list as singing and giving thanks. It’s not a punishment. It’s a mark of a Spirit-filled life.
Now look forward. In the oldest Greek manuscripts we have, verse 22 doesn’t have a verb. It literally reads, “Wives, to your own husbands, as to the Lord.”
That’s it. No “submit.” The word gets borrowed from verse 21. Verse 22 can’t stand up without verse 21 holding it. (Later manuscripts added “submit,” probably because a scribe thought verse 22 looked incomplete on its own. That’s why the New King James has it and the NIV adds it in English.)
So verse 21 is a hinge. It finishes the Spirit-filled list, and it opens the section on the home. Its whole job is to hold them together.
You can’t preach verse 22 without verse 21.
And verse 21 doesn’t say “wives, submit.” It says “submit to one another.” Everybody.
Now count the verses. To wives: three verses (22 to 24). To husbands: nine verses (25 to 33). Paul spends three times as long on the husbands. If you only remember the wives’ part, you missed most of the passage.
Then compare two verses.
“Walk in the way of love, just as Christ loved us and gave himself up for us.” (5:2)
“Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her.” (5:25)
Same words. Gave himself up. What Paul asks of husbands is exactly what Jesus did for all of us.
Ancient: What did it mean back then?
About 350 years before Paul, Aristotle wrote that a household has three pairs. Master and slave. Husband and wife. Father and children. In every pair, one rules and one is ruled.
And those codes were written to one person. The man. Telling him how to run his house. Roman law backed it up.
Now read Ephesians 5 again. Paul changed three things.
1. He talks to the wives. Directly. “Wives.” In most household codes, the wife was talked about, not talked to. Paul treats her as a person who makes her own choices before God.
2. Submission is a choice. The Greek word is hypotassō, and the form Paul uses means to put yourself under. Nobody can force it on you. You give it. And Paul never once says, “Husbands, make your wives submit.” Submission is something a wife offers. It’s never something a husband takes.
3. He never tells husbands to rule. Every household code in that world told the husband to rule his wife. Paul tells him to love her. And the word is agapaō. The love of the cross. “Just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her.”
You think headship means you’re on top?
In Christ, headship means you go first. To the cross.
What about “head” in verse 23? Good, Bible-believing scholars debate whether kephalē means authority or source. But Paul defines it right there in the verse. Christ is head as “the Savior.” The head Paul describes rescues, feeds, and cares for the body (v. 29).
Today, faithful Bible teachers land in two main places. Some hold that God designed a loving, servant leadership for husbands (complementarian). Others hold that verse 21 sets the tone and husbands and wives submit to each other as equals (egalitarian). Both come from people who love Jesus and believe the Bible.
And both agree on this: Paul is not giving husbands permission to control, demand, or dominate. He’s taking the most powerful person in the ancient home and telling him to lay his life down.
So can you still read Ephesians 5:22? Yes. It’s God’s Word. But read it with verse 21 in front of it and verse 25 behind it.
This passage is never a cover for abuse. Submission is “as to the Lord.” Nothing about the Lord asks you to sin, and nothing about the Lord asks you to be harmed. A husband who hurts, threatens, or controls his wife is not exercising headship. He is breaking verse 25. If you’re in a home that isn’t safe, you are not failing God by getting help.
Husbands, you go first. This passage asks more of us than it asks of them. She is called to honor you. You are called to die for her. When was the last time your marriage cost you something? Your pride. Your schedule. Your remote. Your right to win the argument. Jesus didn’t wait for the church to be lovely before he loved her. He loved her to make her lovely (vv. 26 to 27).
Wives, your honor matters. Paul ties your respect to your relationship with Jesus. “As you do to the Lord.” When you honor your husband, you’re doing it for Christ. That’s not weakness. Jesus himself submitted to the Father (Luke 22:42). Submission is not less than. It’s what Jesus looks like.
All of us, submit to one another. Verse 21 isn’t just for married people. It’s for the whole church. What would Cornerstone look like if every one of us walked in asking, “Who can I put first today?”
Single, divorced, or widowed? This is still your passage. Paul says, “This is a profound mystery, but I am talking about Christ and the church” (v. 32). Marriage is a picture. The main point is what it’s a picture of. You’re not on the outside of this passage. You’re in it. You are part of the bride.
Jesus is the husband who left his Father’s side. He came down for his bride. He found her dirty, and he washed her. He found her stained, and he gave his life to make her radiant.
The marriage in Ephesians 5 isn’t first about you and your spouse. It’s first about Jesus and you.
And here’s the turn. In this passage, Jesus submitted first. He submitted to the Father. He submitted to the cross. He laid himself down so his bride could be lifted up.
The screenshot says, “Wives, submit.”
The passage in context says something bigger. Everybody, put each other first. Wives, honor your husbands as an act of worship. Husbands, love your wives enough to die for them. And all of it is a picture of what Jesus did for us.
Some people think this passage is about who’s in charge.
It’s about who goes to the cross.













